SoK: Design, Vulnerabilities, and Security Measures of Cryptocurrency Wallets

As cryptocurrency adoption surges, wallet security incidents are becoming increasingly frequent and costly. This study introduces a multi-dimensional design taxonomy for cryptocurrency wallets and systematically analyses 84 real-world attacks between 2012 and 2024 that resulted in $5.4 billion in losses. 

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The research classifies existing industry wallets, identifies vulnerabilities, and presents a multi-layered attack framework alongside defence implementations, providing crucial insights for enhancing wallet security across the cryptocurrency ecosystem.

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